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    1.22

    1.22

    Minnesota Code 1-2-2: moderate Q wave of 0.03–0.04 s.

    Code 1.22 — Minnesota Code 1-2-2: moderate Q/QS wave by duration. This code is assigned when the Q wave lasts 0.03–0.04 s in the leads of one anatomical region. Such a Q wave is wider than a normal septal q but does not reach the 0.04-s threshold of a major Q wave. It indicates a possible or probable previous myocardial infarction, especially when T-wave or ST-segment changes are present in the same leads.

    Minnesota Code 1Moderate Q wavePossible myocardial infarction
    CriterionQ duration 0.03–0.04 s
    CategoryModerate Q wave
    Q amplitude≥ 0.1 mV (1 mm)
    NovacodeNC-5.2 / 5.3

    What the code means

    Q-wave duration is the most reproducible Q-wave measurement. Between 30 and 40 ms lies a "grey zone": some people have such Q waves without heart disease, while in others they are the trace of a limited infarction. The T wave often helps: a Q wave of this width together with an inverted or flat T wave in the same leads makes previous infarction considerably more likely.

    Normal septal q compared with a Q wave 0.03 to 0.04 seconds wide accompanied by an inverted T wave Normal q < 0.03 s Code 1-2-2 Q 0.03–0.04 s
    Figure 1. Left: normal. Right: Q wave of 0.03–0.04 s (Minnesota 1-2-2), here with an inverted T wave, which increases the likelihood of an old infarction.

    Criteria by lead group

    RegionLeads examinedCode 1-2-2 criterion
    AnterolateralI, aVL, V6Q duration ≥ 0.03 and < 0.04 s in lead I or V6
    Posterior (inferior)II, III, aVFQ duration ≥ 0.03 and < 0.04 s in lead II
    AnteriorV1–V5Q duration ≥ 0.03 and < 0.04 s in any of V2–V5

    About T-wave changes

    The T wave is the most labile wave of the ECG. Low-amplitude or inverted T waves can result from many causes — ischaemia, hypertrophy, electrolyte disorders, medicines, hyperventilation, posture or even a meal — so they are interpreted together with the Q wave and the clinical picture. A combination of a moderate Q wave with T-wave inversion in the same territory is treated as a probable sign of previous infarction.

    Next steps

    • Compare with previous ECGs; repeat the ECG with correct electrode placement.
    • Echocardiography to look for regional wall-motion abnormalities.
    • Risk-factor assessment and, if indicated, stress testing or coronary imaging.
    Seek urgent care

    if the change is new and accompanied by chest pain, breathlessness, sweating or fainting.

    References

    1. Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Zhang ZM. The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic Findings. 2nd ed. London: Springer; 2010. doi:10.1007/978-1-84882-778-3
    2. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Eur Heart J. 2019;40(3):237–269. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy462
    3. Rautaharju PM, Surawicz B, Gettes LS. AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part IV: the ST segment, T and U waves, and the QT interval. Circulation. 2009;119(10):e241–e250. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191096

    This article is for general information and does not replace a consultation with a doctor. ECG findings must be interpreted by a physician together with symptoms and other tests.

    Published on 14 May 2019