Blood flow per 1gr of thyroid gland, Blood flow per 1gr of cerebral tissue.

The blood circulation of the thyroid gland determines the activation or decrease in oxygen consumption by the organs of the body due to the activation of T3 or T4 hormones. This fully applies to cerebral circulation. Oxygen consumption by brain tissue is associated with a complex of reasons involved in redox processes, lipid peroxidation reactions and the state of regulation of the thyroid gland blood circulation [3].

Perfusion of blood per 1 g of thyroid and cerebral tissues ensures metabolism and energy loss via water distribution in the body onto free fraction (free for metabolism) and a bound fraction (bound in the colloid systems with the molecules of organic substances). Each 1 g of glycogen and protein, depositing in tissues, retains 1.5 and 3 ml of water respectively. As a result of catabolism in the human body, 300-400 ml of water are produced daily. The volume of water is determined by the nature of decaying substances. Thus, 107 ml of water is formed as a result of oxidation of 100 gr of fat, 41 ml of water - 100 gr of protein, 55 ml of water - 100 gr of carbohydrates. All body water is renewed for 4 weeks. The whole system of metabolism regulation is determined by the blood flow per 1 g of cerebral tissue and blood flow per 1 g of the thyroid gland.

Abnormalities. Disorders or diseases caused or related.

High blood flow of thyroid gland

Thyroid hypervascularization is an important sign of Graves’ disease at onset [1].

Thyroid blood flow (TBF) is useful in distinguishing patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Both have a similar thyroid echographic pattern at the ultrasound, but patients with Graves' disease have increased TBF in contrast to patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (normal TBF) [2].

Altered blood flow

Conditions with increased and decreased rates of blood flow are listed in Table. Conditions with a reduced blood flow tend to have more atheroma while those with an increased flow have less

1.        Roberto Vita, et al. Thyroid vascularization is an important ultrasonographic parameter in untreated Graves’ disease patients. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology, Vol15, March 2019, Pages 65-69

2.        P Vitti. Thyroid blood flow evaluation by color-flow Doppler sonography distinguishes Graves' disease from Hashimoto's thyroiditis. J Endocrinol Invest. 1995 Dec;18(11):857-61. doi: 10.1007/BF03349833.

3.        Anthony W. Norman, Gerald Litwack. CHAPTER 6 - Thyroid Hormones, Hormones (Second Edition), Academic Press, 1997, p169-191, ISBN 9780125214414, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012521441-4/50007-9.

4.        https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article/93/7/477/1551124