Test Tiffeneau

Test Tiffeneau is a relation between time of the pulmonary circulation and time of the systemic circulation. Tiffeneau's test defines elasticity of the cardiorespiratory system. The less is Tiffeneau's test, the higher is a resistance of the pulmonary circulation. Decrease in the Tiffeneau's test is accompanied with increase in the minute pulmonary circulation and decrease in their alveolar surface.

The FEV1/FVC ratio, also called Tiffeneau-Pinelli index, is a calculated ratio used in the diagnosis of obstructive and restrictive lung disease. It represents the proportion of a person's vital capacity that they are able to expire in the first second of forced expiration to the full vital capacity.

Normal values are approximately 80%. Predicted normal values can be calculated online and depend on age, sex, height, and ethnicity as well as the research study that they are based upon.

A derived value of FEV1% is FEV1% predicted, which is defined as FEV1% of the patient divided by the average FEV1% in the population for any person of similar age, sex and body composition.

Disease states

In obstructive lung disease, the FEV1 is reduced due to an obstruction of air escaping from the lungs. Thus, the FEV1/FVC ratio will be reduced. More specifically, according to the National Institute for Clinical Excellence, the diagnosis of COPD is made when the FEV1/FVC ratio is less than 0.7 and the FEV1 is less than 80% of predicted; however, other authoritative bodies have different diagnostic cutoff points. The Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease criteria also require that values are after bronchodilator medication has been given to make the diagnosis. According to the European Respiratory Society (ERS) criteria, it is FEV1% predicted that defines when a patient has COPD—that is, when the patient's FEV1% is less than 88% of the predicted value for men, or less than 89% for women.

In restrictive lung disease, the FEV1 and FVC are equally reduced due to fibrosis or other lung pathology (not obstructive pathology). Thus, the FEV1/FVC ratio should be approximately normal, or even increased due to decrease of a greater magnitude in FVC as compared to FEV1 (because of the decreased compliance associated with the presence of fibrosis in some pathological conditions).

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/cdbme-2022-1157/html?lang=en

 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363217199_Tiffeneau-Testing_by_means_of_a_Smart-Shirt

 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FEV1/FVC_ratio)