The bottom number - diastolic blood pressure, shows the pressure in the arteries at the time of relaxation of the heart muscle. This is the minimum pressure in the arteries, it reflects the resistance of peripheral vessels. As the blood moves along the vascular channel, the amplitude of blood pressure fluctuations decreases, the venous and capillary pressure depend little on the phase of the cardiac cycle.

Blood pressure is one of the most important parameters characterizing the work of the circulatory system. Blood pressure is determined by the volume of blood pumped per unit of time by the heart and the resistance of the vascular bed. Since the blood moves under the influence of the pressure gradient in the vessels created by the heart, the greatest pressure of the blood will be at the exit of the blood from the heart (in the left ventricle), a little less pressure will be in the arteries, even lower in the capillaries, and the lowest in the veins and at the entrance heart (in the right atrium).